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Chris wrote:. I need to do some more testing and document. I mean on Z80 the undocumented instructions are always present. But I read the undocumented instructions may not always be present, depending on the manufacturer build. They are present on the original Intel masks and were clearly all deliberately added. From a compiler perspective it's a shame Intel did that as they fixed pretty much all the nasty code generation problems with a tiny number of rather elegantly designed instructions.
Oki, AMD and co were all second source licensees so the same design. The soviet ones I assume were just copies of the masks too. Over the past few days I've been reworking MS Basic 4. I had put quite a few Z80 things in it, but now they're gone. I like using Zilog mnemonics because that's what the MS Basic code is available in, and also they seem more logical than the Intel mnemonics at least to my eyes.
I'm sure that's a personal opinion though. To make it easier I needed to have an extended instruction card, using Zilog codes. I couldn't find one, so I've modified a Z80 one that I use regularly for the purpose. Because it is not my own work I won't host it, but it is available as a github repository for Zilog Opcodes. Please also visit clrhome. Phillip wrote:. I have found what I believe to be an interesting piece of software archaeology.
When assembling it tonight, I found a few Z80 instructions remaining scattered in the code. I know they were not my doing so I went back to the paper disassembly document and found that they're written in there too. I'd noticed Nascom Basic was almost, but not quite, compatible and unsuccessfully tried removing the Z80isms.
Grant Searle's additions used some Z80 instructions but from what I remember it was mostly relative jumps. Any guesses as to where and when these instructions came in to the code? TAB replaces the Intel version. The text all seems to point to the offset being an unsigned number though. It is unsigned. The better C compilers already knew how to avoid the cost of a frame pointer so it makes a lot of sense to be unsigned.
Besides which you can use Dec on the high byte of the frame pointer and add the correct amount in the offset cheaply. I wondered this at some point in the past and kept the results of a test program I think I was working on an emulator. Saves a lot of time to just ask. Yes this is a useful mini macro.
But, then I took it back out because I thought it might encourage laziness on my own side. How did they calculate a stack relative address, without using SP as a pointer? Whitesmiths I believe used BC as a register variable instead. As well as the obvious use it's the equivalent of DAD H and means you can deal with pointer scaling in either register. The PCBs arrived today.
They look very nice. But, things aren't working. And so the debugging starts. What I'm finding quite interesting read bloody annoying is that for every other read or write cycle the ALE correctly traps the address, and the BA7 line is correct. In fact on the second write to the the BA7 line goes out of its way to be wrong. Looking at the traces I may be missing something but I think your problem is the buffering logic is wrong. For a write cycle at least RD will stay high. Now with RD always high the.
Greg Holdren. I think you need to do something with the G of the There is bus contention on the internal databus between the and the UART during read. Greg wrote:. There is a bus contention between the ' and the UART during read. The way I have it set up is that the has no way of knowing to stay off the bus during the low address latching time.
But this is exactly when the CPU is trying to write to the ' latch. A way to fix this would be to add the ALE into the addressing, but that wouldn't solve the problem fully. The only way to solve the problem properly is to put the outside the ' buffer, and I have it currently, manage the ' G signal using ALE. This will ensure that nothing disturbs the CPU while it is trying to set up the low addresses.
I've not tried it, but in this case it won't help. I would go so far as to say that, I can't see how a robust system can work without data bus isolation a tristate transceiver like a ' Anyway, with the pulled out the trace looks much better. So I'll have to reroute the PCB to put the data bus "outside" too. RD does not go low until the rising clock edge in the middle of T2. So the device will not get an RD or WR until the point it has valid data on the bus for a write or is expected to provide it for a read.
I still think your setup looks wrong. That is fine with the proper decoding because they are no different to the glitfches you get on the Z80 bus because they are not quite aligned, even more so once buffers or decoders are involved. No way around this without a lot more logic. I don't think I posted the most recent schematic there were too many changes. This disables the ' outputs while ALE is high. So the CPU now has a clean window to latch the low addresses no matter what sins are happening on the "outer bus".
I've attached the current broken schematic. I'm planning to move the data lines to the "outside" data bus. But the layout will be a pita I'm sure. That is fine with the proper decoding because they are no different to the glitches you get on the Z80 bus because they are not quite aligned, even more so once buffers or decoders are involved. But from what I see using the ' to isolate the and ' from the rest of the world during the critical latching time would insulate from most issues.
Updates when I've more test results. ALE is only driven high during the low half cycle of T1, so for the second half of T1 and the first half of T2 whilst you've latched the data the CPU is fighting the on the bus still. It's better but it still looks very wrong. So I think the non-working is a combination of a bad code b possibly overclocking on subtlety on non B type c possible timing issues d IDK.
Alan, sorry for being thick here. I've read and reread your comments here and above, and still I'm not getting what the concern is. But my code is not working with ACIA as it stands. I think it's "one of RD or WR low". If you generate IORQ that way for the bus however it would make the access times much shorter and I don't know what that would result in. The old 68B50 module also doesn't work with the card unless you wire it to the proper E, and probably also the , , and 68HC11 cards for the same reason.
I can confirm the undoctored 68B50 doesn't work with my card either though. I've always used the 16x50 anyway or the bitbanger ports. Even before the address lines have been stabilised. This is clearly wrong. Yes, that's what I'm working with.
I looked at S0 and S1, but they're also too early. I couldn't find a solution to this problem in any reference on the 'net. But I'm sure this problem must have been solved previously. So anyway, I've cooked up a set of logic that I think will implement the required truth table.
Sadly it took me far too long to solve this. Next step is to check timing, to see if the resulting signals are long enough to work with the standard RC Modules. Here's a revised CPU Module and the schematic. Let's hope the timing issues are resolved sufficiently, and it can pretend to be a Z80 well enough to fool the RC standard modules. So now there's a fairly complete set of abstract macro LD instructions to make life a little less tedious. With the transmission channel being selected by the most recently received byte.
Then my plan is to invest some time extending the existing z88dk support. I may have to go to 38, baud. Things have been moving forward on the front despite the rubber bullets flying around our city , so it is time for an update. Whilst it does work, it is not stable enough to use successfully. I've tried to slow it down to 38, baud, but that works less well because of the longer time spent with interrupts disabled, and tried using an interrupt flag to signal to the Tx routine then run with interrupts enabled that it has been interrupted and commit a framing error to abandon an interrupted character and then repeat the character.
But none of these solutions work effectively. But, now the big reveal for today is z88dk support of the RC Module. But at this stage I've focused on getting the basic85 subtype working. The emitter-coupled version has the advantage that the input transistor is reverse biased when the input voltage is quite below the high threshold so the transistor is surely cut-off.
It was important when germanium transistors were used for implementing the circuit and this advantage has determined its popularity. The input base resistor can be omitted since the emitter resistor limits the current when the input base-emitter junction is forward-biased. An emitter-coupled Schmitt trigger logical zero output level may not be low enough and might need an additional output shifting circuit. The collector-coupled Schmitt trigger has extremely low almost zero output at logical zero.
Schmitt triggers are commonly implemented using an operational amplifier or a dedicated comparator. Due to the extremely high op-amp gain, the loop gain is also high enough and provides the avalanche-like process. In this circuit, the two resistors R 1 and R 2 form a parallel voltage summer. It adds a part of the output voltage to the input voltage thus augmenting it during and after switching that occurs when the resulting voltage is near ground.
This parallel positive feedback creates the needed hysteresis that is controlled by the proportion between the resistances of R 1 and R 2. The output of the parallel voltage summer is single-ended it produces voltage with respect to ground so the circuit does not need an amplifier with a differential input.
They run slower hot, not faster like all CMOS. This is your own quote: "The lecture about shrinking nodes is not really applicable here" If you look at your diagram, you will see that even at nm the gate delay is in ps range, while available 74AUC gates are at 2ns range, at least two orders in magnitude. That's why I said "not really applicable". But in my mind the two phenomenon are directly correlated. Even in the chart, the reason the wire delay is so small is because this is in a CPU.
The 74AUC technology is most likely much larger than nm I have looked and looked but cannot find the actual size in that series. TezlaCoil TezlaCoil 3 3 bronze badges. The name looks like a joke. Their web site looks like my grandmother designed it with real pieces of approximative syntax inside.
Their datasheets look like they're made in 10 minutes each, using MS Word. Overall, this gives a strange feeling. At the bare minimum, they urgently need to set up a decent marketing department. But the input capacity of a 74G00 is 4 pF typically.
With only one input tied to an output, the maximum frequency is already below 1 GHz. Four inputs and we get only less than MHz. But the datasheet looks good to me. Actually, I don't think it's fake. A fake company would make more money, and in a simpler way, by selling counterfeit Atmel chips, or whatever.
Can't find an appropriate word, but you know what I mean. Show 5 more comments. As technology improved with small lithography and smaller RdsOn, while the Cout actually increases but they are able to reduce Cin since it acts as a buffer. Sign up or log in Sign up using Google.
Sign up using Facebook. Sign up using Email and Password. Post as a guest Name. Email Required, but never shown. The Overflow Blog. Privacy is a moving target. Featured on Meta. Announcing the arrival of Valued Associate Dalmarus. My remark is related to "" - the old cmos one. The 74HCT and friends are an another story. Thanks for clarification.. This is with the a 1k resistor to the 50 ohm terminator. Remember my scope is old and has a ns rise time. I set the scope at 20 X. Pito, apparently the current schematic is pretty much what you've posted.
I found this very picture too, but my limited knowledge doesn't let me to confirm to be the carbon copy of my current board. Seems real close, though. I've also got the idea of buffering, but it's probably beyond my current project, time and capabilities. Thank you fat16lib for information, too. Now, shoot on me. Here is a cheap card that seems to work. It has level shifters. A couple of months later, and few trees planted I realized that. Tried to format the card using SDformatter4, tried to format using Arduino, tried shamanic and tribal rites with no success.
Quite strange though, as it's apparently functional for my daily basis needs. This is can happen.
Investing layer of cervical fascia | There is also a tendency for the smaller values of the two-digit remainder after the hundreds to be allocated first to the most fundamental or essential courses within a department's discipline, with narrower-interest courses being assigned larger-decade numbers if only because they were introduced later. The output stage is a pair for inverted and noninverted output of emitter followers, so fall time is longer than rise time, and tPHL propagation time of signal which sends output voltage from high to low is longer than tPLH. Again the intelligent character LCDs mentioned on the displays page of the primer are an easier way to get a small display. The surviving fragment is the top of five text columns, about 18 cm high and I stopped seeing the girl after that Grand Rapids date. Brief testimonial here. The columns of parenthesied quantities show what would be the effect, on ratios with adjacent values, of changing any single value by one unit. |
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